JAIC 2004, Volume 43, Number 3, Article 1 (pp. 205 to 226)

EFFICIENT NEW METHODS FOR EMBEDDING PAINT AND VARNISH SAMPLES FOR MICROSCOPY

MELVIN J. WACHOWIAK

ABSTRACT—This article outlines several procedures for embedding, including selecting an appropriate resin, establishing uniform formats for the embedding matrix, and increasing the efficiency of preparation. While the methods for embedding samples in use for more than half a century do indeed work, this article suggests improvements in format efficiency and materials that achieve the same high-quality results. Two new embedding procedures are described as well as a holder for simultaneous preparation of multiple samples. The article also describes the use of an industrial epoxy resin (Tra-Bond 2113, made by Tra-Con) that works well for a variety of sample types prepared by milling and abrasive polishing.
[Spanish Abstract] [French Abstract]

Article Sections:

1. INTRODUCTION
2. DEVELOPMENT OF A STANDARD PROCEDURE
3. POLISHING
4. ANALYSIS AND DOCUMENTATION
5. STORAGE
6. SUMMARY: TOWARD A STANDARD FOR EMBEDDING?
1. Centrifuging
2. Heat
3. Excess Hardener
4. Vacuum
5. Pressure
6. Solvent Ethanol
7. Extended Time
a: Appendix , Materials , References , Author Information

Entire Article